What is Blood Pressure?
When pumped by heart, the blood exerts some pressure on the walls of arteries. This pressure is called blood pressure. The pressure of blood in large arteries in considered the blood pressure for reference purpose. If blood pressure is higher than the normal, it puts extra strain on blood vessels and heart. Such a condition may result in heart attack and strokes.
How Blood Pressure is Measured?
Blood pressure (or the BP) is measured in terms of the maximum pressure during one heart beat over the minimum pressure in between two heart beats.
The device used for measuring blood pressure is called sphygmomanometer. It measures blood pressure in terms of mmHg (millimeter of Mercury) with respect to the atmospheric pressure of the surrounding area.
Blood pressure is often written in the form systolic over diastolic pressure. For example, 118/78mmHg. Here:
118 is the systolic blood pressure.
Systolic blood pressure is the maximum pressure blood exerts on arteries when the heart beats.
78 is the diastolic blood pressure.
Diastolic blood pressure is the minimum level of pressure the blood exerts on arteries when heart momentarily comes in the relaxing state between two heart beats.
What is Normal Blood Pressure?
The normal blood pressure in a resting adult human being is 120/80mmHG.
Blood pressure is one of the vital signs of life. It varies with factors like physical activity, emotional state, resistance offered by arterial walls, stiffness in the arterial walls and cardiac output.
Consistent high blood pressure due to a medical condition is called hypertension.
Hypotension is the regular occurrence of low blood pressure due to a medical condition.
Blood Pressure Chart
Following are the blood pressure ranges for normal, high and low blood pressure in adult humans.
| Systolic (mmHg) | and / or | Diastolic mmHg | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Below 120 | and | Below 80 | Normal blood pressure |
| 120-129 | and | Below 80 | Elevated blood pressure |
| 130-139 | or | 80-89 | Stage 1 high blood pressure (hypertension) |
| 140 or above | or | 90 or above | Stage 2 high blood pressure (hypertension) |
Blood Pressure Chart Table for Children
Babies and children tend to have lower blood pressure than adult humans. As per Disabled World, the following table presents a chart of normal blood pressure for children.
| Age | Males (mmHg) | Females (mmHg) |
| 1 – 3 | 80/34 – 120/75 | 83/38 – 117/76 |
| 4 to 6 | 88/47 – 128/84 | 88/50 – 122/83 |
| 7 – 10 | 92/53 – 130/90 | 93/55 – 129/88 |
We hope that this article provided you useful and concise information on what is blood pressure and its normal, high and low levels. Please immediately see your doctor if you feel any discomfort related to your heart. Thank you for connecting with WeCapable!
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